According to
Ryan (1975), “A systems approach is an operational concept, referring to a
scientific, systematic, and rational procedure for optimizing outcomes of an
organization or structure, by implementing a set of related operations to study
an existing system, solve problems, and develop new or modify existing systems”
(cited in Richey, Klein, & Tracy, 1975, p. 17). What is key here is that
our primary purpose in applying instructional design models or processes, such
as the ADDIE model, is to solve some sort of problem. When you introduced
yourself to the class, you indicated a topic or subject area for your
instructional design project. For your first journal entry, I’d like you
to more fully explore what problem your instructional design project will
address. You’ll use a systematic process for identifying the root cause of a
problem; this process is known as the 5 Whys.
1 First briefly describe your intended
project. You can copy and paste it from your introduction if you wish. Then
state what the problem that your design project will address is. If you’re
designing a new course or workshop, the problem might simply be that the course
or training doesn’t exist. If you’re modifying instruction, state why. This is
your first why.
2 Then determine and state why the
problem you’ve identified is occurring or why that problem is a problem—your
second why.
3 Now explain why that’s occurring (the
cause) or why that’s a problem (unintended or undesirable effects)—your third
why.
4 Then identify a fourth and fifth why if
you can.
5 Now reflect on your process. Did this
technique reveal any new insights for your project? Has it changed the scope,
purpose, or focus of the project? Explain how or why.
Additional
Resources
Feel free to
read more on the 5 Whys technique, where it originated, how
and why its used in Wikipedia or
all over the web, if you wish.
1. During my student teaching I noticed that students
were not given enough time and practice on rhythm in the classroom. This is
mostly due to the fact that students only come to music once a week. Because of
this I feel there is a need to focus on rhythmic passages during music classes.
I plan to create a course to focus on the rhythmic foundation of music.
2. Music teachers are expected to fill their 40 minute
class with activities to keep them moving and interested. There simply is just
not enough time to work solely on rhythm.
3. The problem this creates is that students do not have
the correct music foundation and get behind when they move on to middle school music
programs. With this six weeks rhythm focus, the teacher can focus on just
rhythm then can add the activities in afterwards.
4. This process has really helped to find the focus of
this project. It has not changed my scope but it did given be a bigger picture
of how this project is going to work.
Five
Whys
The five whys is interesting because it was created by a
car company. It is such a simple look at a problem, then figuring out how to
solve it. It makes me think of a child. Children will ask why 100 times until
they find the answer they want. It’s amazing we can use something that is so
simple a child uses it to solve our problems.
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